Sinuses

Cavities within the facial bones around the NOSE, also called the paranasal sinuses, that warm and moisten inhaled air. Mucous membrane lines the sinuses, providing a continuous supply of moisture. Mucus production increases in response to irritation, for example, from environmental particles (pollen, smoke), viruses, and BACTERIA. The maxillary sinuses, on the face along the ridge of BONE commonly called the cheek bone, and the frontal sinuses, above the inside corners of the eyes near the bridge of the nose, are the sinuses that most commonly become congested as a result of COLDS, allergies, and infections. The sinuses also function as sound chambers that give the voice resonance and amplification. Sinus congestion limits this function, resulting in a characteristic “nasal” voice.

For further discussion of the sinuses within the context of otolaryngologic structure and function please see the overview section “The Ear, Nose, Mouth, and Throat.”